# Teddy Bear Dogs: Breeds, Size, Temperament, and Health

A teddy bear dog is a small, soft-coated companion dog bred to look like a plush toy. In everyday use, the term most often describes a cross between a Shih Tzu and a Bichon Frise. That cross goes by several names, including Zuchon and Shichon. The name is a description of appearance, not a recognized breed, and no major kennel club registers the Zuchon as a standardized breed with a written breed standard. Other small, fluffy crosses, such as a Maltese and Shih Tzu mix or a Toy Poodle and Bichon Frise mix, are also marketed as teddy bear dogs.

These dogs typically weigh under about 20 pounds, carry a dense, low-shedding coat, and were developed for companionship rather than work. They suit apartment dwellers, older owners, and families who want a small dog that enjoys close human contact. They also carry real health risks inherited from both parent breeds, and the evidence on crossbreed health is more complicated than the marketing suggests. This guide covers what teddy bear dogs are, how they look and behave, what health problems they face, and how to find one responsibly.

This article is educational and is not a substitute for veterinary diagnosis or treatment.

## At a Glance

| Trait | Typical Range |
|--|--|
| Height | Roughly 8 to 15 inches at the shoulder |
| Weight | Roughly 6 to 20 pounds |
| Coat | Long, soft, wavy or loosely curly, low shedding |
| Colors | Often white, cream, tan, gray, or parti-color |
| Lifespan | Roughly 10 to 16 years |
| Energy level | Low to moderate |
| Grooming needs | High, daily brushing plus regular professional grooming |
| Trainability | Moderate, responds well to reward-based training |
| Good with children | Often yes, with gentle handling and supervision |
| Good with other pets | Often yes, with early socialization |

The figures above reflect the parent breeds and typical crossbreed ranges. Individual dogs vary widely because a crossbreed can inherit the size, coat, and temperament traits of either parent.

## What Is a Teddy Bear Dog?

The phrase "teddy bear dog" describes a look, not a lineage. A teddy bear dog has a rounded head, a short muzzle, dark eyes, and a dense, fluffy coat that gives it a stuffed-toy silhouette. The most common teddy bear dog is the Shih Tzu and Bichon Frise cross. Breeders and owners call this cross a Zuchon or a Shichon. The two names describe the same pairing.

The label also gets applied to other small, fluffy crosses. A Maltese and Shih Tzu mix, a Bichon Frise and Toy Poodle mix, or a Pomeranian and Shih Tzu mix may all be sold as teddy bear puppies. Because there is no breed standard, two puppies from the same litter can look and behave quite differently.

This matters for buyers. When you purchase a teddy bear dog, you are not buying a predictable breed. You are buying an individual dog whose traits depend on which parent's genes are expressed. A responsible seller will be honest about that variability.

## The Parent Breeds

### Shih Tzu

The Shih Tzu is an ancient companion breed from Tibet and China, developed to live indoors with royalty and nobility. It is a small, sturdy dog with a long double coat, a short muzzle, and a flat or brachycephalic face. Shih Tzus were bred for one job, which was to be a lap dog and a household companion. That history shapes the modern breed. Shih Tzus are affectionate, outgoing, and content with short walks and long naps.

The breed's flat facial conformation carries health consequences. In a study of 93 brachycephalic dogs, Shih Tzus made up 22 of the cases, and the most frequent ocular abnormalities across the group were corneal ulcers and corneal pigmentation [1]. A separate study of 50 Shih Tzus documented ocular surface parameters and found a notable prevalence of ocular pathology in the breed [2]. Shih Tzus also appear on breed risk lists for atopic dermatitis, a chronic allergic skin disease. In a Korean study of small and medium breeds, Shih Tzus had a higher prevalence of canine atopic dermatitis than their share of the registered dog population [3].

### Bichon Frise

The Bichon Frise is a small, white, curly-coated companion breed with roots in the Mediterranean. Like the Shih Tzu, it was developed to be a pet and a performer rather than a working dog. Bichons are cheerful, sociable, and sturdy for their size. Their coat is dense and curly, and it sheds very little, which is one reason the breed is popular with people who dislike finding hair on furniture.

The Bichon Frise has a well-documented inherited eye problem. Cataracts in the breed are inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, meaning a dog can carry the gene without showing the disease [4]. A study of four Bichon Frise populations found cataracts in a substantial proportion of examined dogs, with dogs between 2 and 8 years of age most frequently affected [5]. The same research group found that Bichons with inherited cataract face a high risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, a serious complication [6]. The breed also appears on atopic dermatitis risk lists, with one Australian study noting a trend toward increased risk in Bichon Frise males [7].

## History and Purpose of the Teddy Bear Dog

The Shih Tzu and Bichon Frise cross emerged alongside the broader designer crossbreed trend. Demand for intentional crosses of purebred dogs rose sharply in the United Kingdom and elsewhere, driven partly by the belief that crossbreeds are healthier than purebreds [8]. The teddy bear dog fits that market perfectly. Both parent breeds are small, affectionate, and low-shedding, and the cross produces a puppy with an appealing plush appearance.

The motivation behind these purchases is worth understanding. In a survey of UK owners who bought puppies during 2019 and 2020, almost half of designer crossbreed owners, 47.1 percent, cited perceived hypoallergenicity as a reason for their choice. That was six times the rate among purebred owners [8]. The same study found that designer crossbreed puppies were more likely to be bought from general selling websites or animal-specific selling websites, and less likely to be seen in person before purchase, compared with purebred puppies [8].

That pattern has welfare implications. A scoping review of the UK puppy trade described a high-volume, untraceable, profit-driven market sustained by online selling and click-and-collect purchase behavior [9]. The review noted evidence of multi-level fraud and organized crime involvement along the supply chain, with systemic consequences for canine health and welfare [9]. The lesson for buyers is straightforward. Where a teddy bear puppy comes from matters as much as what it looks like.

## Size and Appearance

Teddy bear dogs are small. Most adults stand roughly 8 to 15 inches at the shoulder and weigh between about 6 and 20 pounds. The Shih Tzu parent contributes a slightly longer, lower body, while the Bichon Frise parent contributes a rounder head and a more upright stance. The result is a compact dog with a soft, rounded outline.

The coat is the defining feature. It is long, dense, and either wavy or loosely curly, with a texture between the straight Shih Tzu coat and the tight Bichon curl. Colors vary. White, cream, and tan are common, and parti-color coats with patches of gray, brown, or black appear frequently. Because the coat grows continuously, it does not shed heavily, but it also does not stop growing. That is the trade-off owners need to understand before buying.

Eye appearance is another teddy bear trait. The rounded head and short muzzle create a large-eyed, soft expression. That same conformation is what makes the breed prone to eye irritation and tear staining, which is discussed in the health section below.

## Coat Care and Grooming

Grooming is the single largest ongoing commitment with a teddy bear dog. The coat mats easily, especially behind the ears, under the legs, and along the belly where friction occurs. Daily brushing with a slicker brush and a metal comb is the standard recommendation for coats of this type. Without it, small tangles tighten into felted mats that pull on the skin and can hide infections.

Most teddy bear dogs need professional grooming every four to eight weeks. A groomer will bathe, blow-dry, trim, and shape the coat. Owners who prefer a shorter, easier coat can request a puppy cut, which keeps the dog looking fluffy without the full-length maintenance burden. Shorter coats still need brushing, just less of it.

Bathing frequency depends on lifestyle and coat condition. Overbathing strips natural oils and can dry the skin, so most owners bathe every three to six weeks or as directed by their groomer or veterinarian. Between baths, a damp cloth can be used to clean the face and around the eyes.

Ears need attention because the floppy ear canals trap moisture and wax. Cleaning the ears on a regular schedule and drying them after baths or swimming reduces the risk of otitis externa. Nails should be trimmed every few weeks, and teeth should be brushed regularly. Dental disease is common in small breeds, and the AAHA Dental Care Guidelines recommend daily brushing as the standard for home dental care.

## Temperament and Behavior

Teddy bear dogs are generally affectionate, social, and people-oriented. The Shih Tzu parent contributes a confident, outgoing nature and a strong attachment to household members. The Bichon Frise parent contributes a cheerful, playful disposition and a willingness to perform for attention. Most teddy bear dogs are friendly with strangers, tolerant of handling, and content to spend most of the day near their owner.

Behavior is not guaranteed, though. A study comparing designer Poodle-cross dogs with their purebred parent breeds found that designer crossbreeds overall exhibited more undesirable behaviors than a parent breed in 44.4 percent of comparisons and fewer undesirable behaviors in only 9.7 percent of comparisons, with no difference in the remaining 45.8 percent [10]. The finding challenges the assumption that crossing two breeds reliably produces an easier dog. In that study, Cockapoos showed the most undesirable behaviors of the three crossbreeds examined [10].

For teddy bear dogs specifically, the practical takeaway is that temperament depends on the individual puppy, the parent dogs, and early socialization. Puppies who are exposed to new people, sounds, surfaces, and gentle handling during their critical developmental window tend to be more resilient adults. A study of puppies acquired during the 2020 pandemic found that those puppies were less likely to have attended training classes or had visitors to the home before 16 weeks of age compared with puppies from 2019 [11]. That gap in early exposure matters for long-term behavior.

### Good With Children and Other Pets

Many teddy bear dogs do well with children and with other pets, particularly when they are raised with them. Their small size makes them fragile, so interactions with young children need supervision. A toddler can injure a 10-pound dog without intending to. Older children who can handle a small dog gently usually do well with this type.

With other dogs and cats, early socialization is the deciding factor. Teddy bear dogs are not typically aggressive, but they can become defensive if they feel crowded or threatened by a larger animal. Introductions should be gradual and supervised.

### Trainability

Teddy bear dogs are moderately trainable. They respond well to food rewards, praise, and short, positive sessions. They are not working breeds, so they lose interest quickly when training becomes repetitive or harsh. Reward-based training aligned with modern behavior guidelines is the appropriate approach. Harsh corrections tend to produce fear and avoidance in small companion breeds.

House training is often the biggest challenge. Small breeds have small bladders and may need frequent trips outside, including a late-night outing. Crate training, a consistent schedule, and patience usually resolve the problem. Puppy training classes help with both obedience and socialization, and they give owners a structured way to build the dog's confidence.

## Exercise and Enrichment

Teddy bear dogs have low to moderate exercise needs. Two or three short walks per day, plus indoor play, is generally enough for an adult. Puppies need shorter, more frequent activity with plenty of rest. Because these dogs are brachycephalic or near-brachycephalic depending on which parent's head shape they inherit, they can overheat and struggle to breathe in hot or humid weather. Walks are best scheduled for cooler parts of the day.

Mental enrichment matters as much as physical exercise. Puzzle feeders, chew toys, and short training sessions keep small companion dogs occupied and reduce boredom-related behaviors such as barking, digging, or destructive chewing. A teddy bear dog that gets daily attention and a few structured activities is usually a calm, content house dog.

## Feeding Considerations

Teddy bear dogs are small and prone to weight gain if overfed. Adult dogs typically do well on a complete and balanced diet formulated for small breeds, fed in measured meals rather than free-fed. Puppies need a diet formulated for growth, and the amount should be adjusted as the puppy grows.

Owners should be able to feel the dog's ribs without pressing hard and see a waist when viewed from above. If the ribs disappear under a layer of fat, the dog is carrying too much weight. Obesity worsens many of the conditions these dogs are prone to, including joint disease and respiratory compromise.

Treats should be counted as part of daily calories. Dental chews and training treats add up quickly in a 10-pound dog. Fresh water should be available at all times. Any change in appetite, drinking, or weight should prompt a veterinary visit.

## Inherited and Common Health Problems

Teddy bear dogs inherit health risks from both parent breeds. Because the cross is not a standardized breed, there is no breed-specific health database comparable to those maintained for recognized breeds. Owners and veterinarians must therefore watch for the conditions documented in the Shih Tzu and the Bichon Frise.

### Eye Disease

Eye problems are the most significant inherited concern in this cross. The Bichon Frise carries an autosomal recessive cataract trait, meaning unaffected parents can produce affected puppies [4]. Cataracts in the breed typically appear between 2 and 8 years of age and affect both the anterior and posterior lens [5]. Bichons with inherited cataract are at high risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, a condition in which the retina separates from its underlying tissue and which can cause permanent blindness [6]. A study of prophylactic retinopexy found that untreated eyes with resorbed cataracts developed retinal detachment in 60 percent of cases, and eyes that had cataract surgery without the preventive procedure developed detachment in 55 percent of cases [6].

The Shih Tzu contributes its own ocular risks. A study of 93 brachycephalic dogs found corneal ulcers in 44 percent and corneal pigmentation among the most frequent abnormalities, with Shih Tzus representing 22 of the cases [1]. A separate study of 50 Shih Tzus characterized ocular surface parameters and documented ocular pathology in the breed [2]. The combination of a short muzzle, prominent eyes, and reduced corneal sensation makes these dogs vulnerable to ulcers, tear film problems, and chronic irritation.

For owners, this means eye checks at every wellness visit and prompt veterinary attention for squinting, redness, discharge, cloudiness, or pawing at the face. Cataract screening by a veterinary ophthalmologist is reasonable for any teddy bear dog with a Bichon Frise parent, particularly before breeding.

### Skin Allergy and Atopic Dermatitis

Canine atopic dermatitis is a chronic, inherited allergic skin disease. Both parent breeds appear on breed risk lists. In a Korean study of small and medium breeds, Shih Tzus had a higher prevalence of atopic dermatitis than their share of the registered dog population, and lesions in Shih Tzus were most commonly found on the ventral body in 51 percent of cases [3]. In an Australian study, the Bichon Frise showed a trend toward increased risk, particularly in males [7].

Atopic dermatitis typically starts between 6 months and 3 years of age. Signs include itching, redness, recurrent ear infections, paw licking, and hair loss. Treatment is lifelong and usually combines allergen avoidance, medicated baths, and veterinarian-prescribed medications. Owners should expect ongoing management rather than a one-time cure.

### Orthopedic and Joint Problems

Small breeds can develop patellar luxation, a condition in which the kneecap slips out of its groove. Hip and elbow problems occur less often in dogs of this size than in large breeds, but they are still possible. A study of bitches neutered before versus after puberty found that cruciate ligament disease occurred in significantly more dogs neutered before puberty, and those dogs had lower probabilities of remaining free from osteoarthritis [12]. That study involved Labrador and Golden Retriever crosses, so it cannot be directly applied to teddy bear dogs, but it illustrates why neuter timing is a decision to make with a veterinarian rather than on a fixed schedule.

### Bleeding and Clotting Disorders

The Bichon Frise has a documented inherited bleeding disorder. A case report described a 1.5-year-old female Bichon Frise with afibrinogenemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce functional fibrinogen, and a circulating antibody against fibrinogen [13]. The dog experienced a life-threatening hemorrhage after routine spay surgery and required multiple blood transfusions [13]. This is a rare condition, but it is a reminder that inherited clotting disorders exist in the breed and that unexplained bleeding after surgery or injury warrants immediate veterinary evaluation.

### Neurologic Conditions

A case report described episodic cerebellar dysfunction in a 4-year-old Bichon Frise, with chronic but episodic neurologic signs that resolved with a specific medication [14]. Episodic neurologic conditions are uncommon, but they are recognized in the breed. Any dog showing episodes of wobbling, head tilt, abnormal eye movement, or sudden loss of coordination needs a veterinary neurologic workup.

### Respiratory and Brachycephalic Concerns

Shih Tzus are brachycephalic, meaning they have a shortened skull and compressed airway. This conformation predisposes them to brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome, which causes noisy breathing, exercise intolerance, and heat sensitivity. A study of brachycephalic dogs found that purebred Pugs had significantly higher rates of respiratory, ocular, dermatological, and musculoskeletal disorders compared with their crossbred counterparts, and the crossbred dogs had longer muzzles and less stenotic nostrils [15]. That finding suggests that crossing a brachycephalic breed with a longer-faced breed can reduce some conformation-related risk.

Teddy bear dogs vary in head shape. Those that inherit the Shih Tzu's flat face may have more airway risk than those that inherit a longer muzzle. Owners should watch for snoring, snorting, gagging, or difficulty breathing during exercise or in heat, and should discuss these signs with a veterinarian.

### Dental Disease

Small breeds crowd their teeth into a small jaw, which traps food and plaque. Periodontal disease is common and can lead to pain, tooth loss, and infection that affects other organs. The AAHA Dental Care Guidelines recommend daily tooth brushing and regular professional dental cleanings under anesthesia. Owners should start brushing when the dog is a puppy so the routine becomes normal.

## What Research Says About Crossbreed Health

The belief that crossbreeds are healthier than purebreds is widespread, and it drives much of the teddy bear dog market. The evidence is more nuanced.

A large study of three common designer crossbreeds, the Cavapoo, Cockapoo, and Labradoodle, compared them with their purebred parent breeds across 57 common disorders. The odds of disease did not differ significantly between the crossbreeds and their parent breeds in 86.6 percent of comparisons. Crossbreeds had higher odds for 7.0 percent of disorders and lower odds for the remainder [16]. In other words, crossing two breeds did not reliably produce a healthier dog. It produced a dog with a mixed risk profile.

A separate study examined behavior in the same three crossbreeds and found that designer crossbreeds exhibited more undesirable behaviors than a parent breed in 44.4 percent of comparisons and fewer in only 9.7 percent [10]. The authors noted that the popularity of these dogs is driven partly by beliefs about desirable behavior that lack strong supporting evidence [10].

There is one area where strategic crossing appears to help. A study of Pugs and their crosses with Jack Russells and Beagles found that the crossbred dogs had less extreme facial conformation, longer muzzles, and less stenotic nostrils, and purebred Pugs had significantly higher rates of respiratory, ocular, dermatological, and musculoskeletal disorders [15]. That study supports the idea that crossing an extreme brachycephalic breed with a longer-faced breed can improve welfare.

For teddy bear dogs, the honest summary is this. A Shih Tzu and Bichon Frise cross may avoid some of the Shih Tzu's airway problems if it inherits a longer muzzle. It may also inherit the Bichon's cataract trait, the Shih Tzu's eye and skin risks, or both. Genetic analysis of another designer crossbreed, the Australian Labradoodle, found that the breed was predominantly Poodle at the genetic level, with enhancement for Poodle-type coat variants and little enhancement for Labrador-specific alleles [17]. That finding shows how unevenly parent traits can be inherited in a crossbreed. Buyers should not assume a 50-50 split of traits or risks.

## Lifespan

Teddy bear dogs typically live about 10 to 16 years, consistent with the lifespans of their parent breeds. Lifespan depends heavily on body weight, dental care, and management of chronic conditions such as atopic dermatitis and eye disease. Dogs kept lean, with regular veterinary care and good dental hygiene, tend to live longer and healthier lives.

## Recommended Screening and Preventive Care

There is no standardized screening protocol for teddy bear dogs because they are not a recognized breed. Owners should follow general small-breed preventive care and add screening for the conditions documented in the parent breeds.

A reasonable approach includes:

- Annual wellness examinations, or twice yearly for seniors
- Complete ophthalmic examination at each visit, with referral to a veterinary ophthalmologist if cataracts or corneal disease are suspected
- Dental examinations with professional cleaning as recommended
- Skin examinations for itching, redness, or recurrent ear infections
- Heartworm testing and prevention following Companion Animal Parasite Council guidelines
- Core vaccinations and rabies vaccination following AAHA and AVMA guidance
- Discussion of neuter timing with a veterinarian, weighing orthopedic and behavioral factors
- Screening for patellar luxation by palpation during wellness visits

Owners who plan to breed a teddy bear dog should pursue genetic and ophthalmic screening of both parent dogs. The Bichon Frise cataract trait is recessive, so carrier dogs can appear normal and still produce affected puppies [4].

## Finding a Responsible Breeder or Rescue

Because teddy bear dogs are not a registered breed, there is no breed club or national registry to enforce health testing. Buyers must do the work themselves.

A responsible seller will:

- Let you meet the puppy and at least one parent in person before purchase
- Provide veterinary records showing examinations, vaccinations, and deworming
- Show health testing results for the parent dogs, particularly eye examinations
- Answer questions about the parents' health history and temperament
- Allow you to visit the home or facility where the puppies were raised
- Provide a written contract with a health guarantee and a return clause
- Ask you questions about your home, schedule, and experience with dogs

Red flags include selling through general classified websites, refusing in-person visits, meeting in parking lots, offering multiple litters of different breeds at once, and having no records for the parent dogs. Research on the puppy trade has documented that designer crossbreed puppies are more likely to be acquired through online selling platforms and less likely to be seen in person before purchase, and that the online trade enables high-volume, untraceable sales with documented fraud and welfare problems [8][9].

Rescue is a strong alternative. Small-breed rescues and Shih Tzu and Bichon Frise breed rescues frequently have crossbreed dogs available. Adopting an adult dog gives you a clearer picture of its size, coat, and temperament than buying a puppy.

## Who Should Not Get a Teddy Bear Dog

A teddy bear dog is not the right choice for every household.

Skip this cross if you cannot commit to daily brushing and regular professional grooming. A matted coat is painful for the dog and expensive to correct.

Skip it if you want a running or hiking partner. These dogs have low exercise tolerance and can overheat.

Skip it if you are not prepared for potential lifelong veterinary costs. Cataracts, retinal detachment, atopic dermatitis, and dental disease are all realistic possibilities in this cross, and some require specialist care.

Skip it if you have very young children who cannot handle a small, fragile dog gently.

Skip it if you want a dog with predictable breed traits. A teddy bear dog is an individual, and its size, coat, and temperament will vary.

## Limitations and When to Contact a Veterinarian

This article summarizes what is known about teddy bear dogs and their parent breeds. It cannot tell you what is happening with your individual dog. Every case needs a veterinarian who can examine the animal in person.

Contact a veterinarian promptly if your dog shows any of the following:

- Squinting, eye redness, cloudy eyes, or discharge
- Pawing at the face or rubbing the eyes
- Sudden vision loss or bumping into objects
- Persistent scratching, chewing, or hair loss
- Recurrent ear infections or head shaking
- Noisy breathing, gagging, or blue gums
- Exercise intolerance or collapse
- Limping, reluctance to jump, or difficulty rising
- Bleeding that does not stop after injury or surgery
- Bad breath, drooling, or difficulty eating
- Vomiting, diarrhea, or refusal to eat for more than 24 hours
- Any sudden change in behavior, coordination, or consciousness

Eye problems in this cross can progress quickly. A corneal ulcer that is treated early usually heals well. One that is left untreated can lead to vision loss. When in doubt, call your veterinarian.

## Frequently Asked Questions

### What is a teddy bear dog?

A teddy bear dog is a small, fluffy companion dog, most often a cross between a Shih Tzu and a Bichon Frise. That cross is also called a Zuchon or Shichon. The term describes appearance rather than a recognized breed, and it is sometimes applied to other small, soft-coated crosses.

### Is a Zuchon the same as a Shichon?

Yes. Zuchon and Shichon are two names for the same cross, a Shih Tzu and Bichon Frise mix. Neither name refers to a registered breed with a formal standard.

### How big do teddy bear dogs get?

Most teddy bear dogs weigh between about 6 and 20 pounds and stand roughly 8 to 15 inches at the shoulder. Size depends on which parent's genes are expressed, so puppies from the same litter can vary.

### Do teddy bear dogs shed?

Teddy bear dogs shed very little because they inherit the continuously growing coats of both parent breeds. That low shedding comes with a trade-off. The coat mats easily and needs daily brushing plus professional grooming every four to eight weeks.

### What health problems do teddy bear dogs have?

Teddy bear dogs can inherit cataracts and retinal detachment from the Bichon Frise, and eye surface disease, atopic dermatitis, and airway problems from the Shih Tzu. Dental disease and patellar luxation are also common in small breeds. Regular veterinary examinations help catch these conditions early.

### Are teddy bear dogs hypoallergenic?

No dog is truly hypoallergenic. Teddy bear dogs shed less than many breeds, which can reduce the amount of hair and dander in the home, but allergens are present in saliva, skin, and urine as well. Almost half of designer crossbreed owners in one study cited hypoallergenicity as a reason for their purchase, but reduced shedding does not guarantee that an allergic person will tolerate the dog.

### Are teddy bear dogs good with children?

Many teddy bear dogs are good with children, especially when raised with them and socialized early. Their small size makes them fragile, so interactions with young children need supervision to prevent accidental injury.

### How long do teddy bear dogs live?

Teddy bear dogs typically live about 10 to 16 years. Lifespan depends on body condition, dental care, and management of chronic conditions such as eye disease and atopic dermatitis.

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3. [Prevalence and lesion distribution of atopic dermatitis in small-to-medium breed dogs in Korea.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39936388/)
4. [Inheritance of cataract in the Bichon Frise.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15910375/)
5. [Cataracts in the Bichon Frise.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12641835/)
6. [Retrospective study of prophylactic random transscleral retinopexy in the Bichon Frise with cataract.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15310289/)
7. [Canine atopic dermatitis: breed risk in Australia and evidence for a susceptible clade.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27188769/)
8. [How much is that doodle in the window? Exploring motivations and behaviours of UK owners acquiring designer crossbreed dogs (2019-2020).](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35610665/)
9. [The canine welfare, public health and environmental impact of systemic under-regulation within the UK puppy trade: A scoping review.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41306452/)
10. [Comparing undesirable behaviours between 'designer' Poodle-cross dogs and their purebred progenitor breeds.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41854121/)
11. [Pandemic Puppies: Demographic Characteristics, Health and Early Life Experiences of Puppies Acquired during the 2020 Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the UK.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35268198/)
12. [A Prospective Study Investigating the Health Outcomes of Bitches Neutered Prepubertally or Post-Pubertally.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39858169/)
13. [Afibrinogenemia and a circulating antibody against fibrinogen in a Bichon Frise dog.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15902668/)
14. [Episodic cerebellar dysfunction in a bichon frise: a canine case of episodic ataxia?](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20536690/)
15. [A solution right under our nose? Crossbreeding extreme brachycephalic dogs results in better health outcomes while preserving behavioural profiles and dog-owner relationship quality.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42564653/)
16. [The doodle dilemma: How the physical health of 'Designer-crossbreed' Cockapoo, Labradoodle and Cavapoo dogs' compares to their purebred progenitor breeds.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39196904/)
17. [Genetic analysis of the modern Australian labradoodle dog breed reveals an excess of the poodle genome.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32911491/)