# Rabbit Farm Labor Planning: Hiring, Training, and Task Scheduling ## Key Takeaways - Labor requirements for rabbit farms vary significantly by production system (intensive, colony, fiber), with intensive systems demanding 35-50 hours per 100 breeding does weekly due to individual animal observation and precise record-keeping, while fiber production can require 45-65 hours due to specialized handling like shearing. - Effective hiring prioritizes attention to detail, physical stamina, and biosecurity awareness, with practical assessments crucial for evaluating candidates' comfort with physical labor and ability to notice subtle animal behavioral changes indicative of early disease detection. - Structured training protocols are essential, covering initial orientation, hands-on task execution (feeding, watering, cleaning), safe animal handling techniques to minimize stress, and recognition of clinical signs such as reduced appetite, lethargy, or respiratory distress, as detailed in veterinary resources like the Merck Veterinary Manual. - Task scheduling must integrate daily routines (feeding, health checks), weekly/monthly maintenance (deep cleaning, vaccinations), and seasonal demands (breeding peaks, shearing), with shift scheduling and task rotation becoming critical for larger operations to ensure consistent care and prevent worker fatigue. - Biosecurity breaches, such as improper handwashing or contaminated clothing, pose a significant risk for disease transmission, necessitating strict adherence to protocols outlined by resources like the USDA National Agricultural Library to prevent outbreaks like pasteurellosis or tularemia. - Worker safety is paramount, with risks including musculoskeletal injuries from lifting and repetitive motions, and potential zoonotic disease exposure (e.g., ringworm, tularemia); comprehensive training on safe handling, PPE use, and emergency preparedness is vital, referencing veterinary journals for disease pathway insights. --- Labor planning for a rabbit farm requires matching worker skills and schedules to the specific demands of your production system, whether intensive breeding, colony housing, or fiber production. This article provides practical guidance on determining labor needs, hiring suitable workers, implementing effective training, and creating task schedules that maintain animal health, biosecurity, and worker safety. The content draws on established animal production principles from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and veterinary resources from the Merck Veterinary Manual. ## At a Glance: Labor Requirements by Production System The table below summarizes typical labor demands for three common [rabbit production systems](/knowledge/animal-farming/rabbits/rabbit-production-systems-intensive-semi-intensive-extensive). Use these estimates as starting points for your own farm planning, adjusting for facility layout, automation level, and herd size. | Production System | Typical Labor Hours per 100 Breeding Does per Week | Key Skill Requirements | Common Scheduling Challenges | |---|---|---|---| | Intensive (cage) | 35-50 | Individual animal observation, record keeping, precise feeding | High frequency of repetitive tasks, risk of worker fatigue | | Colony (group housing) | 25-40 | Group behavior monitoring, aggression management, floor cleaning | Variable task timing, need for quick response to fighting | | Fiber (Angora) | 45-65 | Gentle handling, shearing or plucking technique, wool grading | Seasonal shearing peaks, specialized training needed | ## Determining Your Farm's Labor Needs Labor requirements depend on herd size, production goals, facility design, and the level of mechanization. A farmer with 50 breeding does in an intensive system will have different staffing needs than one managing 200 does in a colony system. Begin by calculating the total weekly hours required for all routine tasks, then add allowances for cleaning, health checks, record keeping, and unexpected events. ### Task Inventory and Time Estimation List every recurring task on your farm and estimate the time required per animal or per unit. Common tasks include feeding, watering, cleaning, health inspection, breeding management, weaning, record updating, and equipment maintenance. For example, feeding 100 does in individual cages might take 30 minutes per day, while cleaning the same number of cages could take 1.5 hours twice per week. The FAO provides general guidance on rabbit husbandry practices that can inform your task inventory. ### Adjusting for System Type Intensive systems often require more individual animal handling, which increases labor per animal. Colony systems may reduce handling time but require more observation and group management. Fiber production adds shearing or plucking tasks that demand specialized skills and more time per animal. The Merck Veterinary Manual notes that rabbit health management varies by production system, and your labor plan should account for system-specific health monitoring needs. ### Scaling Labor with Herd Size Labor efficiency often improves as herd size increases, but only up to a point. A farmer managing 20 does might spend 2 hours per day, while a farm with 200 does might require 10-12 hours per day, not 20. This efficiency comes from batch processing tasks and dedicated work areas. However, very large herds may require multiple workers and shift scheduling to maintain consistent care. ## Hiring Criteria for Rabbit Farm Workers Finding workers who understand animal husbandry and can follow protocols is essential. [Rabbit farming](/knowledge/animal-farming/rabbits/rabbit-farming-housing-feeding-breeding-welfare-and-health-observation) requires attention to detail, physical stamina, and a willingness to work with animals daily. The USDA Agricultural Research Service emphasizes the importance of skilled labor in animal production systems. ### Essential Qualifications Look for workers with experience handling livestock, even if not specifically rabbits. Basic animal husbandry knowledge, ability to follow written protocols, and comfort with physical labor are minimum requirements. Previous experience with rabbits is valuable but not always necessary if you provide thorough training. Workers should be able to read and understand feed labels, medication instructions, and record-keeping forms. ### Physical and Behavioral Attributes Rabbit farm work involves lifting feed bags, bending to check cages, standing for long periods, and working in varying temperatures. Workers should be physically capable of these demands without risking injury. Patience and calmness are important because rabbits can be stressed by rough handling. The ability to notice subtle changes in animal behavior or appearance is critical for early disease detection. ### Biosecurity Awareness All workers must understand and follow biosecurity protocols. This includes wearing farm-specific clothing and footwear, washing hands between animal groups, and reporting any signs of illness. The USDA National Agricultural Library provides resources on animal health and welfare that include biosecurity principles applicable to rabbit farms. ### Interview Questions and Practical Assessments During interviews, ask about previous animal handling experience, ability to work weekends or holidays, and comfort with tasks like euthanasia or assisting with veterinary procedures. Consider a practical assessment where the candidate demonstrates feeding, watering, or handling a rabbit under supervision. This reveals their comfort level and attention to detail. ## Training Protocols for Rabbit Farm Staff Effective training reduces errors, improves animal welfare, and increases worker confidence. Develop a structured training program that covers all essential tasks before new workers are left unsupervised. The FAO Animal Production and Health division emphasizes the role of training in improving livestock management outcomes. ### Initial Orientation Begin with farm rules, biosecurity procedures, emergency protocols, and an overview of the production system. Show workers the location of feed, supplies, first aid kits, and emergency contact numbers. Explain the chain of command and who to contact for different types of problems. ### Hands-On Task Training Train workers on each task in a logical sequence. Start with feeding and watering, which are simple but critical. Demonstrate proper feed amounts, waterer maintenance, and how to check that all animals have access. Move to cleaning protocols, showing correct disinfection procedures and waste disposal methods. The Merck Veterinary Manual provides information on [rabbit housing](/knowledge/veterinary-medicine/small-mammal-care/rabbit-housing-indoor-vs-outdoor-hutches-and-enrichment) and sanitation that can inform your training content. ### Animal Handling and Observation Teach workers how to approach, pick up, and restrain rabbits safely for both the animal and the handler. Emphasize gentle handling to minimize stress. Train workers to recognize normal rabbit behavior and appearance, including healthy fur, eyes, ears, and posture. Show them common signs of illness such as reduced appetite, lethargy, diarrhea, or respiratory distress. ### Health Monitoring and Record Keeping Workers should know how to perform daily health checks and what findings to report immediately. Train them on your record-keeping system, whether paper or digital. Explain the importance of accurate records for tracking production, health trends, and treatment outcomes. The USDA Agricultural Research Service supports the use of records in animal production management. ### Specialized Training for Specific Roles If your farm uses artificial insemination, workers need training on semen handling and insemination technique. For fiber production, shearing or plucking requires practice under supervision. Workers responsible for euthanasia must be trained in humane methods and understand the emotional aspects of the task. ### Ongoing Training and Refreshers Schedule regular training updates, especially when protocols change or new equipment is introduced. Annual refreshers on biosecurity, animal handling, and emergency procedures help maintain standards. Document all training sessions and keep records of which workers have completed each module. ## Task Scheduling for Rabbit Farms A well-designed schedule ensures that all tasks are completed consistently and that workers know their responsibilities. The schedule should account for daily, weekly, and seasonal tasks, with flexibility for unexpected events. ### Daily Task Schedule Most rabbit farms require tasks at fixed times each day. A typical daily schedule might include: - Morning feeding and watering (30-60 minutes) - Health inspection during feeding (15-30 minutes) - Cleaning of soiled areas (30-60 minutes) - Breeding management (as needed, 15-30 minutes) - Afternoon feeding check and water top-up (15-30 minutes) - Record updating (15-30 minutes) Adjust these times based on your herd size and facility layout. The FAO provides general guidance on rabbit feeding and management routines. ### Weekly and Monthly Tasks Schedule less frequent tasks on specific days to avoid overload. Weekly tasks might include deep cleaning of certain areas, weighing a sample of animals, or checking equipment. Monthly tasks could include vaccination programs, parasite control, or facility maintenance. The Merck Veterinary Manual discusses preventive health programs that should be scheduled regularly. ### Seasonal Task Planning Breeding peaks, weaning surges, and weather changes affect labor needs. Plan for increased labor during breeding seasons or when preparing animals for market. In fiber production, shearing periods require additional workers or overtime. The USDA Agricultural Research Service notes that seasonal planning is important for efficient livestock operations. ### Shift Scheduling for Larger Farms Farms with multiple workers need shift schedules that ensure coverage seven days per week. Consider overlapping shifts during peak task times. Rotate workers through different tasks to prevent boredom and cross-train for flexibility. Ensure that at least one trained worker is always present to handle emergencies. ## Records and Measurements for Labor Management Keeping records of labor hours, task completion times, and worker performance helps you optimize scheduling and identify problems early. ### Labor Time Records Track how many hours each worker spends on each task category. Use a simple log sheet or digital tool. Compare actual hours to your estimates to identify tasks that take longer than expected. This data helps you adjust schedules or reassign workers. ### Task Completion Checklists Create checklists for daily, weekly, and monthly tasks. Workers mark each task as completed and note any issues. Review checklists regularly to ensure consistency and identify tasks that are frequently missed or delayed. ### Productivity Metrics Measure output per labor hour, such as number of rabbits fed per hour or cages cleaned per hour. Compare these metrics over time and between workers. Use the data to set realistic expectations and identify training needs. ### Worker Performance Reviews Conduct regular performance reviews based on task completion, animal health outcomes, and adherence to protocols. Provide constructive feedback and additional training when needed. Document reviews for future reference. ## Common Failure Patterns in Rabbit Farm Labor Understanding typical problems helps you prevent them before they affect animal welfare or farm productivity. ### Inconsistent Task Completion Workers may skip or rush tasks when unsupervised or when schedules are too tight. This leads to missed feedings, dirty cages, or overlooked health problems. Prevent this by using checklists, conducting spot checks, and maintaining realistic schedules. ### High Worker Turnover Rabbit farm work can be physically demanding and repetitive, leading to burnout and turnover. High turnover increases training costs and reduces consistency of care. Address this by offering competitive wages, providing breaks, rotating tasks, and recognizing good performance. ### Poor Animal Handling Workers who are rushed or untrained may handle rabbits roughly, causing stress or injury. This reduces productivity and can lead to health problems. Invest in thorough training and supervise new workers until they demonstrate proper technique. ### Biosecurity Breaches Workers who do not follow biosecurity protocols can introduce diseases to the herd. Common breaches include wearing contaminated clothing between barns, failing to wash hands, or allowing visitors into restricted areas. Enforce protocols consistently and provide reminders. ### Record Keeping Errors Inaccurate or incomplete records undermine management decisions. Workers may forget to record treatments, misidentify animals, or skip entries. Simplify record-keeping systems and audit records regularly. ## Welfare and Safety Context Labor planning directly affects animal welfare and worker safety. Poor scheduling leads to rushed work, which increases the risk of animal stress and worker injury. ### Animal Welfare Considerations Rabbits require consistent care schedules. Irregular feeding times or missed health checks can cause stress and allow health problems to worsen. The Merck Veterinary Manual emphasizes that proper husbandry, including consistent care, is essential for rabbit health. Ensure your labor plan provides enough time for thorough health inspections and gentle handling. ### Worker Safety Rabbit farm workers face risks including musculoskeletal injuries from lifting and repetitive motions, bites and scratches from animals, and exposure to dust, ammonia, and [zoonotic diseases](/knowledge/veterinary-medicine/veterinary-pathology-microbiology/zoonotic-diseases-mechanisms-and-veterinary-public-health). The New Zealand Veterinary Journal has published research on zoonotic disease exposure pathways in animal production settings. Provide training on safe lifting techniques, proper handling to avoid bites, and use of personal protective equipment such as gloves and masks. ### Zoonotic Disease Awareness Workers should be aware of diseases that can transmit from rabbits to humans, including ringworm, pasteurellosis, and tularemia. The Merck Veterinary Manual provides information on rabbit zoonoses. Train workers to recognize symptoms in themselves and to report any illnesses that might be work-related. ### Emergency Preparedness Develop emergency protocols for fire, flood, disease outbreak, or power failure. Train workers on evacuation routes, emergency contact numbers, and how to protect animals during crises. The USDA National Agricultural Library offers resources on emergency planning for animal operations. ## Professional Escalation Criteria Workers and managers should know when to seek professional help beyond the farm. ### Veterinary Consultation Escalate to a veterinarian when you observe unusual illness patterns, high mortality, or signs of notifiable diseases. The Merck Veterinary Manual advises consulting a veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment of rabbit diseases. Keep a list of rabbit-savvy veterinarians and their contact information. ### Extension Service Assistance Contact agricultural extension services for help with production problems, facility design, or business planning. The USDA Agricultural Research Service and cooperative extension offices provide technical support to livestock producers. ### Labor Management Consultants If labor issues persist despite your efforts, consider consulting a [farm labor management](/knowledge/animal-farming/farm-management/farm-labor-management-strategies-for-hiring-training-and-retaining-workers) specialist. They can help with scheduling optimization, worker training programs, and compliance with labor laws. ### Regulatory Agencies Report suspected zoonotic disease outbreaks to public health authorities. The New Zealand Veterinary Journal study on leptospirosis exposure pathways highlights the importance of reporting animal-related human illnesses. Contact your local agricultural department for guidance on disease reporting requirements. ## Labor Efficiency Comparison: Individual Task Allocation vs. Team-Based Rotation Systems Beyond basic scheduling, rabbit farm managers must decide how to structure worker responsibilities. Two common approaches are individual task allocation, where each worker performs specific duties across the entire herd, and team-based rotation, where workers rotate through different task zones or animal groups. Each system has distinct advantages and failure points that affect labor efficiency, animal welfare, and worker satisfaction. ### Individual Task Allocation System In this system, each worker is assigned specific tasks such as feeding, cleaning, or health inspection for the entire herd. A farm with three workers might assign one to morning feeding and health checks, another to cleaning and sanitation, and a third to breeding management and record keeping. **Advantages:** Workers develop deep expertise in their assigned tasks, leading to faster completion times and fewer errors. Task-specific training is simpler because each worker learns only their responsibilities. Accountability is clear, if feeding is missed, the assigned worker is responsible. This system works well for smaller farms or those with highly specialized tasks like artificial insemination or fiber processing. **Limitations:** Workers may become bored with repetitive tasks, leading to reduced attention to detail over time. If one worker is absent, their tasks may be delayed or performed poorly by others unfamiliar with the work. Workers may also fail to notice problems outside their task area, such as a health issue spotted during cleaning that should have been caught during feeding. ### Team-Based Rotation System Workers rotate through different task zones or animal groups on a daily, weekly, or monthly schedule. For example, Worker A handles feeding and health checks for breeding does on Monday, then shifts to grow-out rabbits on Tuesday, and cleaning on Wednesday. The rotation pattern repeats on a set schedule. **Advantages:** Workers gain a comprehensive understanding of all farm operations, making them more flexible and valuable. Cross-training reduces the impact of absences because multiple workers can perform any task. Rotation reduces monotony and can improve job satisfaction. Workers who see animals at different life stages may notice patterns or problems that a task-specialized worker might miss. **Limitations:** Training takes longer because each worker must learn all tasks. Initial productivity may be lower as workers rotate through unfamiliar tasks. Some workers may be better at certain tasks than others, and rotation prevents you from assigning them where they excel most. Consistency of care can suffer if workers have different standards or techniques for the same task. ### Decision Framework for Choosing a System Use the following criteria to decide which system fits your farm: | Farm Characteristic | Individual Task Allocation | Team-Based Rotation | |---|---|---| | Herd size under 100 does | Suitable | May be inefficient | | Herd size over 200 does | Requires many specialists | More practical | | High task specialization (e.g., AI, shearing) | Preferred | Difficult to maintain skill | | High worker turnover | Risky (knowledge loss) | Better (shared knowledge) | | Limited training capacity | Easier to implement | Requires more training time | | Need for worker flexibility | Lower priority | Higher priority | For most medium-sized rabbit farms (100-300 does), a hybrid approach works best. Assign specialized tasks like artificial insemination or shearing to dedicated workers, while rotating general husbandry tasks among other staff. This balances expertise with flexibility. ### Implementation Steps for Rotation Systems 1. **Map all tasks and group them by skill level.** Identify which tasks require advanced training (e.g., health assessment, breeding management) and which are routine (e.g., feeding, watering). 2. **Create rotation schedules that match worker skill levels.** New workers start with routine tasks and gradually add complex tasks as they gain experience. Use a written rotation calendar that shows each worker's assignments for the week. 3. **Set clear standards for each task.** Write standard operating procedures for every task, including time allowances, quality checks, and reporting requirements. Workers should know exactly what "done correctly" looks like regardless of who performs the task. 4. **Conduct overlap periods during transitions.** When a worker rotates to a new task zone, have them work alongside the previous worker for at least one shift to ensure continuity and transfer of observations about specific animals. 5. **Monitor task completion and quality daily.** Use checklists that workers sign off after completing each task. Review these checklists at the end of each day to identify any missed or incomplete work. ### Records and Measurements for System Comparison Track the following metrics to evaluate which system works better for your farm: - **Task completion time per worker per task.** Record how long each worker takes to feed, clean, or inspect a standard number of animals. Compare times between task-specialized workers and rotating workers. - **Error rates by task and worker.** Count missed feedings, uncleaned cages, or overlooked health issues. Track whether errors are more common in one system. - **Worker absenteeism and turnover rates.** Note whether workers in one system miss more days or leave the farm more frequently. - **Animal health indicators.** Compare mortality rates, weight gain, and disease incidence between periods when different systems were used. The Merck Veterinary Manual notes that consistent care is essential for rabbit health, and system changes can affect care consistency. ### Common Failure Patterns in Labor Allocation **Over-specialization without backup.** If only one worker knows how to perform artificial insemination or administer medications, their absence can disrupt critical operations. Cross-train at least two workers for every essential task. **Rotation too frequent.** Changing tasks daily can prevent workers from developing rhythm and efficiency. Weekly or bi-weekly rotations often work better, allowing workers to settle into a task before switching. **Ignoring worker preferences.** Some workers genuinely prefer repetitive tasks, while others thrive on variety. Discuss preferences during performance reviews and adjust assignments when possible without compromising farm needs. **Inadequate documentation.** When workers rotate, they must leave clear notes about animal observations, treatments given, or equipment issues. Implement a simple log system that the next worker reads before starting their shift. ### Welfare and Safety Context Task allocation systems directly affect animal welfare. In individual task allocation, a worker who feeds daily notices subtle changes in appetite that a rotating worker might miss. However, rotating workers may notice environmental problems like ventilation issues or broken equipment that a task-specialized worker overlooks because they focus narrowly on their duties. Worker safety also differs between systems. Repetitive motion injuries are more common in individual task allocation because workers perform the same physical movements for hours. Rotation spreads physical demands across different muscle groups, reducing injury risk. The New Zealand Veterinary Journal has documented zoonotic disease exposure pathways in animal production, and rotation may reduce prolonged exposure to specific disease risks by moving workers through different areas. ### Professional Escalation Criteria If labor allocation problems persist despite system changes, consider these escalation steps: - **Consult an agricultural extension specialist** for help designing task schedules or training programs. The USDA Agricultural Research Service and cooperative extension offices provide technical support for livestock operations. - **Engage a labor management consultant** if worker turnover remains high or productivity does not improve. They can conduct time-motion studies and recommend system adjustments. - **Contact a veterinarian** if animal health indicators decline after changing labor systems. The Merck Veterinary Manual advises veterinary consultation for unexplained health problems, which may be linked to inconsistent care. ## Frequently Asked Questions ### How many workers do I need for a rabbit farm with 100 breeding does? The number depends on your production system and facility layout. For an intensive cage system, one full-time worker can typically manage 100-150 breeding does, including feeding, cleaning, health checks, and record keeping. Colony systems may require slightly less time per animal, while fiber production needs more. Start with one worker and add part-time help during peak seasons if needed. ### What is the most important skill to look for when hiring rabbit farm workers? Attention to detail is the most important skill. Workers must notice subtle changes in animal behavior, appearance, or appetite that indicate health problems. They must also follow protocols precisely for feeding, medication, and biosecurity. Previous animal handling experience is valuable but can be taught if the worker is observant and conscientious. ### How long does it take to train a new rabbit farm worker? Initial training typically takes one to two weeks for basic tasks like feeding, watering, and cleaning. Full proficiency in health monitoring, breeding management, and record keeping may take four to six weeks. Schedule regular check-ins during the first month and provide additional training on any tasks where the worker struggles. ### What tasks should be scheduled first each day on a rabbit farm? Feeding and watering should be the first tasks each day. Rabbits need consistent access to fresh feed and water, and morning feeding allows you to observe all animals while they are active. Perform health inspections during feeding to catch problems early. Clean soiled areas after feeding to maintain hygiene. ### How can I reduce labor costs on my rabbit farm without sacrificing animal welfare? Improve efficiency by grouping tasks logically, reducing travel time between work areas, and using equipment like automatic waterers or feed carts. Cross-train workers so they can cover multiple roles. Review your schedule regularly to eliminate unnecessary tasks. Do not reduce feeding frequency or skip health checks, as these directly affect animal welfare and productivity. ### What records should I keep about my rabbit farm workers? Maintain records of worker contact information, training completed, task assignments, hours worked, and performance reviews. Document any incidents involving worker injury or animal handling problems. Keep copies of signed biosecurity agreements and emergency contact forms. These records help with management and may be required for labor compliance. ### How do I handle a worker who is not following biosecurity protocols? Address the issue immediately with a private conversation. Explain why the protocol is important for animal health and farm profitability. Provide retraining if needed. Document the conversation and any corrective actions. If the problem continues, consider reassigning the worker to lower-risk tasks or terminating employment to protect the herd. ### What should I do if a worker is injured by a rabbit? Provide first aid immediately. For bites or scratches, clean the wound thoroughly with soap and water and apply antiseptic. Seek medical attention if the wound is deep, shows signs of infection, or if the worker has not had a tetanus shot in the last five years. Report the injury according to your workplace safety procedures and review handling protocols to prevent future incidents. ## Related Farming Guides - [Rabbit Farm Production And Welfare Records](/knowledge/animal-farming/rabbits/rabbit-farm-production-and-welfare-records) - [Lentivirus Production](/blog/guides/plaque-assays-planning-controls-and-reporting-viral-titer) - [Systems Biology](/blog/news/systems-biology) - [Rabbit Manure Management And Composting On Small Farms](/knowledge/animal-farming/rabbits/rabbit-manure-management-and-composting-on-small-farms) - [Direct Marketing Rabbit Meat And Fiber Planning Processing And Local Rules](/knowledge/animal-farming/rabbits/direct-marketing-rabbit-meat-and-fiber-planning-processing-and-local-rules) ## Related Clinical & Scientific Guides * [Rabbit Housing for Meat Production: Efficient and Humane Systems](/knowledge/animal-farming/rabbits/rabbit-housing-meat-production-efficient-humane) * [Raising Meat Rabbits From Weaning to Processing Weight](/knowledge/animal-farming/rabbits/raising-meat-rabbits-from-weaning-to-processing-weight) * [Rabbit Cage Sizing and Space Requirements by Breed and Stage](/knowledge/animal-farming/rabbits/rabbit-cage-sizing-space-requirements-breed-stage) ## References and Further Reading - [www.fao.org](https://www.fao.org/4/x5082e/x5082e00.htm) - [www.merckvetmanual.com](https://www.merckvetmanual.com/exotic-and-laboratory-animals/rabbits) - [www.ars.usda.gov](https://www.ars.usda.gov/) - [FAO Animal Production and Health](https://www.fao.org/animal-production/en). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. - [Animal Health and Welfare](https://www.nal.usda.gov/animal-health-and-welfare). USDA National Agricultural Library. - [Burying poultry carcasses on farms as a disposal option in crisis situations: learnings and perspectives from a field study during an avian influenza epizootic in France.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39823841). [Poultry science](/knowledge/animal-farming/poultry/poultry-science-research-key-institutions-and-current-directions), 2025. - [Investigating animals and environments in contact with leptospirosis patients in Aotearoa New Zealand reveals complex exposure pathways.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39938555). New Zealand veterinary journal, 2025. > This article is educational and is not a substitute for veterinary diagnosis, treatment, public-health guidance, or regulatory reporting.