# Goat Farm Enterprise Budgeting: Revenue and Cost Analysis by Production Type ## Key Takeaways - Enterprise budgets for dairy, meat, and fiber goat production reveal distinct financial profiles, with dairy exhibiting the highest typical profit margin range (15%-30%) driven by fluid milk and processed products, while meat (10%-25%) and fiber (5%-20%) face greater price volatility and production-specific cost drivers like shearing. - Feed constitutes the largest variable cost across all production types, often representing 40%-60% of total variable expenses in dairy operations, necessitating meticulous tracking of consumption and prices, with veterinary care and parasite control being significant additional health-related expenditures. - Break-even analysis is critical for viability, requiring accurate calculation of total fixed and variable costs per unit of production (liter of milk, kilogram of fiber, or head of meat animal) and comparison against current market prices to inform culling decisions and minimum sale price strategies. - Common failure patterns in goat enterprise budgeting include underestimating feed costs, ignoring mortality and culling rates, overestimating sale prices due to market volatility, neglecting fixed costs like depreciation, and failing to update budgets regularly, leading to inaccurate financial projections and poor management decisions. - Robust record-keeping, encompassing financial transactions, production metrics (e.g., milk yield, kidding rates, fiber yield), and detailed cost tracking, is fundamental for accurate enterprise budgeting and benchmarking against industry averages to identify areas for operational improvement and enhanced profitability. --- A goat farm enterprise budget is a detailed financial projection that estimates revenue, variable costs, fixed costs, and net profit for a specific production type: dairy, meat, or fiber. This article provides goat farmers and prospective farmers with structured enterprise budgets for each production type, covering revenue streams, cost categories, break-even analysis, and profit margin benchmarks. The content is based on published research and official agricultural sources, and it is intended to support informed management decisions and business planning. ## At a Glance: Enterprise Budget Comparison by Production Type The following table summarizes key financial characteristics for dairy, meat, and fiber goat enterprises. These figures are illustrative benchmarks derived from published studies and agricultural extension data. Actual results vary by region, scale, management intensity, and market conditions. | Production Type | Primary Revenue Stream | Typical Variable Cost Drivers | Estimated Profit Margin Range | Key Financial Risk Factors | |-----------------|------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------| | Dairy | Fluid milk, cheese, yogurt, breeding stock | Feed, veterinary care, milking equipment, labor | 15% to 30% of gross revenue | Milk price volatility, mastitis, seasonal production dips | | Meat | Kid sales, cull does, breeding stock | Feed, pasture management, health treatments, marketing | 10% to 25% of gross revenue | Market price fluctuations, disease outbreaks, predation | | Fiber | Mohair, cashmere, breeding stock | Shearing, feed, parasite control, fiber grading | 5% to 20% of gross revenue | Fiber price cycles, shearing costs, fiber quality variation | ## Dairy Goat Enterprise Budget ### Revenue Streams for Dairy Goats Dairy goat operations generate revenue primarily from milk sales, either as fluid milk or processed products such as cheese and yogurt. Additional revenue comes from selling breeding stock, cull does, and kids. The FAO Animal Production and Health division provides resources on dairy goat production systems and market development [4]. Revenue per doe depends on lactation length, daily milk yield, milk fat and protein content, and the local market price per liter or per kilogram of cheese. A study on the effect of environmental temperature and humidity on milk production and milk composition of Guanzhong dairy goats indicates that environmental conditions directly influence milk output and quality [9]. Farmers should monitor these factors when projecting revenue. ### Variable Costs in Dairy Goat Production Variable costs change with production volume and include feed, veterinary care, breeding fees, milking supplies, and labor. Feed is the largest variable cost, often accounting for 40% to 60% of total variable expenses. The Merck Veterinary Manual offers guidance on nutrition management for small ruminants [3]. Veterinary costs include vaccinations, deworming, hoof care, and treatment for conditions such as mastitis and pneumonia. A study on vaccination schedules in small ruminant farms highlights the importance of preventive health programs [7]. Milking equipment maintenance, udder hygiene supplies, and milk testing are additional variable costs. Farmers should track these costs monthly to identify trends and control expenses. ### Fixed Costs for Dairy Goat Operations Fixed costs remain relatively constant regardless of production volume and include barn or housing depreciation, land lease or mortgage payments, equipment depreciation, insurance, and property taxes. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service provides information on farm infrastructure and conservation planning [2]. Fixed costs per doe decrease as herd size increases, which is a key consideration for scaling operations. Farmers should calculate annual depreciation for all capital assets and include these figures in their budgets. ### Break-Even Analysis for Dairy Goats Break-even analysis calculates the milk price or production level needed to cover all costs. To perform this analysis, a farmer must record total annual fixed costs, variable cost per doe, and expected milk yield per doe. The break-even price per liter is total costs divided by total milk production. A study on profit inefficiency of [goat farming](/knowledge/animal-farming/goats/goat-farming-dairy-and-meat-production-browse-kidding-parasite-risk-and-welfare) in Malawi used a Bayesian approach to identify factors affecting profitability, including feed costs and market access [12]. Farmers should update break-even calculations annually based on actual records and adjust for changes in input prices. ### Profit Margin Benchmarks for Dairy Goats Profit margins in dairy goat enterprises typically range from 15% to 30% of gross revenue for well-managed operations. Factors that improve margins include high milk yield per doe, efficient feed conversion, low mortality rates, and premium prices for organic or specialty products. The Invited review on current production trends, farm structures, and economics of the dairy sheep and goat sectors provides context on industry benchmarks [6]. Farmers should compare their margins to regional averages and identify areas for improvement. A study on the impact of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis on profit efficiency in semi-extensive dairy sheep and goat farms of Apulia, southern Italy found that disease reduces profitability, underscoring the importance of herd health management [8]. ## Meat Goat Enterprise Budget ### Revenue Streams for Meat Goats Meat goat operations generate revenue from the sale of kids for slaughter, breeding stock, and cull does. Market weight, carcass quality, and seasonal demand influence sale prices. The USDA Agricultural Research Service conducts research on meat [goat genetics](/knowledge/animal-farming/goats/goat-genetics-breeding-selection-production-health-traits) and production systems [1]. Additional revenue may come from selling goats to ethnic markets, direct-to-consumer sales, or through livestock auctions. A study on how important farm profitability is to meat goat farmers examined factors that influence financial success in meat goat operations [13]. Farmers should track sale prices by market channel to identify the most profitable outlets. ### Variable Costs in Meat Goat Production Variable costs for meat goats include feed, pasture management, health treatments, marketing, and transportation. Feed costs vary with grazing availability and supplemental feeding requirements. Parasite control is a significant expense in many regions, and the Merck Veterinary Manual provides information on parasite management in small ruminants [3]. Vaccination and deworming schedules should be based on local disease risks and veterinary recommendations. Marketing costs include auction fees, advertising, and transportation to sale points. A study on tangible and intangible benefits of local goats rearing in smallholder farms in Malawi highlighted the role of goats in household income and food security, noting that market access affects profitability [14]. ### Fixed Costs for Meat Goat Operations Fixed costs include land, fencing, shelters, handling facilities, and equipment. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service offers technical assistance for pasture and fencing systems [2]. Depreciation on fencing and facilities should be calculated over their expected useful life. Insurance and property taxes are additional fixed costs. Farmers should evaluate whether fixed costs per animal decrease as herd size increases, which can improve overall profitability. ### Break-Even Analysis for Meat Goats Break-even analysis for meat goats involves calculating the cost per kid produced and comparing it to the expected sale price. Total annual costs divided by the number of kids sold gives the break-even cost per head. Farmers should track weaning weights, mortality rates, and sale prices to refine their break-even calculations. The study on profit inefficiency of goat farming in Malawi found that access to credit, extension services, and market information improved profitability [12]. Farmers should use break-even analysis to set minimum sale prices and make culling decisions. ### Profit Margin Benchmarks for Meat Goats Profit margins for meat goat enterprises typically range from 10% to 25% of gross revenue. Factors that improve margins include high kidding rates, low mortality, efficient feed conversion, and access to premium markets. A study on potential candidate genes associated with litter size in goats may inform breeding decisions that affect flock productivity and profitability [11]. Farmers should monitor market trends and adjust production plans accordingly. The study on how important farm profitability is to meat goat farmers provides additional context on the factors that drive financial success in meat goat operations [13]. ## Fiber Goat Enterprise Budget ### Revenue Streams for Fiber Goats Fiber goat operations generate revenue from the sale of mohair from Angora goats or cashmere from cashmere goats. Fiber is sold by weight and grade, with premium prices for fine, clean, and uniform fiber. Additional revenue comes from selling breeding stock and cull animals. The FAO Animal Production and Health division provides information on fiber production systems and value chains [4]. Fiber prices are subject to global market cycles, and farmers should diversify revenue streams when possible. Farmers should track fiber yield per goat and fiber grade to project revenue accurately. ### Variable Costs in Fiber Goat Production Variable costs include shearing, feed, parasite control, fiber grading and marketing, and labor. Shearing costs vary by region and the number of goats. Feed costs depend on grazing quality and supplemental feeding needs. Parasite control is critical for fiber quality, as infestations can damage the fleece. The Merck Veterinary Manual offers guidance on parasite management and skin health in goats [3]. Fiber grading and marketing costs include sorting, cleaning, and selling through cooperatives or direct channels. Farmers should record shearing dates, fiber weights, and sale prices to evaluate cost-effectiveness. ### Fixed Costs for Fiber Goat Operations Fixed costs include land, fencing, shelters, and shearing equipment. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service provides resources on range and pasture management for fiber goats [2]. Depreciation on shearing equipment and handling facilities should be included in fixed cost calculations. Farmers should assess whether fixed costs per animal decrease as flock size increases, which can improve profitability. ### Break-Even Analysis for Fiber Goats Break-even analysis for fiber goats involves calculating the cost per kilogram of fiber produced and comparing it to the market price. Total annual costs divided by total fiber production gives the break-even price per kilogram. Farmers should track fiber yield per goat, fiber grade, and shearing frequency. A study on financial analysis and TOPSIS implementation for selecting the most profitable investment proposal in goat farming provides a framework for comparing investment options [15]. Farmers should update break-even calculations when fiber prices change or when production costs shift. ### Profit Margin Benchmarks for Fiber Goats Profit margins for fiber goat enterprises typically range from 5% to 20% of gross revenue. Margins are influenced by fiber price cycles, shearing costs, and fiber quality. Farmers who produce high-grade fiber and market directly to processors or artisans may achieve higher margins. The study on development of epigenetic clocks for key ruminant species may inform breeding decisions that affect fiber quality and flock productivity [10]. Farmers should monitor global fiber market trends and adjust production plans accordingly. ## Enterprise Budgeting Process: Practical Steps ### Step 1: Define the Production System Identify the primary production type: dairy, meat, or fiber. Record the number of breeding females, kidding rate, mortality rate, and expected production per animal. The USDA Agricultural Research Service conducts research on production systems and genetics that can inform these estimates [1]. Use farm records from previous years to establish realistic baseline figures. ### Step 2: Estimate Revenue Calculate expected revenue from all sources, including primary product sales, breeding stock sales, and cull animal sales. Use local market prices or historical averages. Adjust for seasonal price variations and market access. The FAO Animal Production and Health division provides resources on market development for goat products [4]. Farmers should use conservative price estimates to avoid overprojecting revenue. ### Step 3: Identify and Quantify Variable Costs List all variable costs and estimate their annual total. Common variable costs include feed, veterinary care, breeding fees, marketing, and labor. Use records from previous years or industry benchmarks. The Merck Veterinary Manual provides information on common health costs and preventive care [3]. Farmers should track variable costs monthly to identify trends and control expenses. ### Step 4: Identify and Quantify Fixed Costs List all fixed costs, including land, facilities, equipment, insurance, and taxes. Calculate annual depreciation for capital assets. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service offers guidance on [farm infrastructure planning](/knowledge/animal-farming/farm-management/farm-infrastructure-planning-designing-facilities-for-efficiency-and-animal-welfare) [2]. Farmers should include all fixed costs to obtain a complete picture of profitability. ### Step 5: Calculate Break-Even Points Divide total annual costs by expected production to find the break-even price per unit. Compare this price to current market prices to assess viability. Update break-even calculations as costs and prices change. The study on profit inefficiency of goat farming in Malawi provides a framework for identifying factors that affect profitability [12]. ### Step 6: Analyze Profit Margins Subtract total costs from total revenue to find net profit. Divide net profit by total revenue to calculate the profit margin percentage. Compare margins to industry benchmarks and identify areas for improvement. The Invited review on current production trends, farm structures, and economics of the dairy sheep and goat sectors provides context for dairy operations [6]. Farmers should set improvement targets based on benchmark comparisons. ## Records and Measurements for Enterprise Budgeting ### Essential Financial Records Maintain accurate records of all income and expenses. Use a farm accounting system or spreadsheet to track revenue by source and costs by category. Record dates, quantities, prices, and any relevant notes. The USDA National Agricultural Library provides resources on farm recordkeeping and financial management [5]. Farmers should reconcile records monthly to ensure accuracy. ### Production Records Track production metrics such as milk yield per doe, kidding rate, weaning weight, fiber yield per goat, and mortality rate. These records are essential for calculating revenue and identifying inefficiencies. A study on the effect of environmental temperature and humidity on milk production and milk composition of Guanzhong dairy goats highlights the importance of environmental monitoring for dairy operations [9]. Farmers should record environmental conditions alongside production data. ### Cost Tracking Record all variable and fixed costs with receipts and invoices. Categorize costs by type: feed, veterinary, labor, marketing, and so on. Review cost records monthly to identify trends and control expenses. The Merck Veterinary Manual provides guidance on feed management and nutrition that can help farmers control feed costs [3]. Farmers should compare actual costs to budgeted amounts regularly. ### Benchmarking Compare your farm's financial and production metrics to regional or industry averages. The Invited review on current production trends, farm structures, and economics of the dairy sheep and goat sectors provides context for dairy operations [6]. Use benchmarks to set improvement targets and evaluate progress. The study on how important farm profitability is to meat goat farmers offers additional context for meat operations [13]. ## Common Failure Patterns in Goat Enterprise Budgeting ### Underestimating Feed Costs Feed is the largest variable cost in most goat enterprises. Underestimating feed costs leads to inaccurate budgets and reduced profitability. Farmers should track feed consumption and prices regularly and adjust budgets accordingly. The Merck Veterinary Manual provides guidance on feed management and nutrition [3]. Farmers should include a contingency for feed price increases. ### Ignoring Mortality and Culling Rates Mortality and culling reduce the number of productive animals and increase costs per surviving animal. Budgets should include realistic mortality and culling rates based on farm records. A study on the impact of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis on profit efficiency in dairy sheep and goat farms found that disease reduces profitability [8]. Farmers should track mortality causes and adjust management practices. ### Overestimating Sale Prices Market prices for goat products fluctuate with supply, demand, and season. Overestimating sale prices leads to unrealistic revenue projections. Farmers should use conservative price estimates and monitor market trends. The FAO Animal Production and Health division provides resources on market analysis for goat products [4]. Farmers should update price assumptions regularly. ### Neglecting Fixed Costs Fixed costs such as depreciation, insurance, and taxes are often overlooked in enterprise budgets. Including all fixed costs provides a complete picture of profitability. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service offers resources on farm financial planning [2]. Farmers should calculate depreciation accurately and include it in budgets. ### Failing to Update Budgets Enterprise budgets should be updated annually or when significant changes occur in costs, prices, or production. Outdated budgets lead to poor management decisions. Regular budget reviews help farmers adapt to changing conditions. The study on profit inefficiency of goat farming in Malawi emphasizes the importance of adapting to changing economic conditions [12]. ## Welfare and Safety Context in Enterprise Budgeting ### Animal Welfare and Productivity Good animal welfare is linked to higher productivity and profitability. Stress, disease, and poor nutrition reduce milk yield, growth rates, and fiber quality. The USDA National Agricultural Library provides resources on animal health and welfare [5]. Farmers should include costs for adequate housing, nutrition, and veterinary care in their budgets. The Merck Veterinary Manual offers guidance on preventive health care that can reduce long-term costs [3]. ### Worker Safety Goat farming involves physical labor, handling equipment, and working with animals. Worker safety should be a priority, and costs for safety equipment and training should be included in the budget. The USDA Agricultural Research Service conducts research on farm safety and ergonomics [1]. Farmers should assess risks and implement safety protocols. ### [Food Safety](/knowledge/bacteria/livestock-bacteria/cooking-chicken-bacteria-prevention) for Dairy Operations Dairy goat operations must follow food safety regulations for milk and milk products. Costs for milk testing, sanitation, and compliance should be included in the budget. The FAO Animal Production and Health division provides guidance on dairy food safety [4]. Farmers should budget for regular milk quality testing and equipment sanitation. ### Biosecurity Biosecurity measures prevent the introduction and spread of diseases. Costs for quarantine facilities, disinfection, and health testing should be included in the budget. A study on vaccination schedules in small ruminant farms emphasizes the importance of preventive health programs [7]. Farmers should develop a biosecurity plan and include associated costs in their budgets. ## Limitations of Enterprise Budgeting ### Regional Variability Enterprise budgets are specific to a region, production system, and market. Farmers should adapt budgets to their local conditions and not rely solely on published benchmarks. The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service provides region-specific information on farming practices [2]. Farmers should consult local extension services for regionally relevant data. ### Price Volatility Market prices for goat products can change rapidly due to supply, demand, and economic conditions. Enterprise budgets are based on assumptions about future prices, which may not hold. Farmers should use sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of price changes on profitability. The study on financial analysis and TOPSIS implementation for selecting the most profitable investment proposal in goat farming provides a framework for evaluating different scenarios [15]. ### Data Availability Accurate enterprise budgeting requires detailed records of costs and production. Farmers without good records may struggle to create reliable budgets. The USDA National Agricultural Library offers resources on farm recordkeeping [5]. Farmers should start with basic records and improve them over time. ### Time and Effort Creating and maintaining enterprise budgets requires time and effort. Farmers should prioritize budgeting as a management tool and allocate time for regular reviews. The study on how important farm profitability is to meat goat farmers indicates that farmers who prioritize profitability are more likely to achieve it [13]. ## Professional Escalation Criteria ### When to Consult an Agricultural Economist If a farmer is unable to create a realistic enterprise budget or if the budget shows persistent losses, consulting an agricultural economist or extension specialist is recommended. The USDA Agricultural Research Service and USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service can provide referrals to experts [1][2]. An economist can help identify cost-saving opportunities and revenue-enhancing strategies. ### When to Seek Veterinary Advice If disease or health problems are reducing productivity and profitability, consult a veterinarian. The Merck Veterinary Manual provides information on common goat diseases and treatments [3]. A study on the impact of paratuberculosis on profit efficiency highlights the importance of disease management [8]. A veterinarian can develop a herd health plan that reduces losses. ### When to Consult a Marketing Specialist If market access or pricing is a barrier to profitability, consult a marketing specialist or cooperative. The FAO Animal Production and Health division provides resources on market development for goat products [4]. A marketing specialist can help identify premium markets and improve sales strategies. ### When to Seek Financial Counseling If debt or cash flow problems are affecting the farm's viability, seek financial counseling from a farm credit institution or extension service. The USDA National Agricultural Library offers resources on farm financial management [5]. A financial counselor can help restructure debt and improve cash flow. ## Frequently Asked Questions ### What is an enterprise budget for a goat farm? An enterprise budget is a detailed financial projection that estimates revenue, variable costs, fixed costs, and net profit for a specific production type such as dairy, meat, or fiber goats. It helps farmers evaluate profitability and make informed management decisions. ### How do I calculate the break-even price for my goat operation? Divide total annual costs fixed plus variable by expected production milk liters, kids sold, or fiber kilograms. The result is the break-even price per unit. Compare this to current market prices to assess viability. ### What are the main revenue streams for a dairy goat farm? Primary revenue comes from milk sales, either as fluid milk or processed products like cheese and yogurt. Additional revenue comes from selling breeding stock, cull does, and kids. ### What are the largest costs in a meat goat enterprise? Feed and pasture management are typically the largest variable costs. Veterinary care, parasite control, and marketing are also significant. Fixed costs include land, fencing, and facilities. ### How can I improve profit margins in my goat farm? Improve margins by increasing production per animal, reducing mortality and culling rates, controlling feed costs, accessing premium markets, and maintaining accurate records for informed decision-making. ### What records do I need for enterprise budgeting? Maintain records of all income and expenses, production metrics such as milk yield or kidding rate, mortality and culling rates, and market prices. Use these records to create and update budgets. ### How often should I update my enterprise budget? Update your budget annually or when significant changes occur in costs, prices, or production. Regular reviews help you adapt to changing conditions and maintain profitability. ### What should I do if my enterprise budget shows a loss? Review your cost and revenue assumptions, identify areas for improvement, and consider consulting an agricultural economist or extension specialist. Adjust your production plan or explore alternative markets. ## Related Farming Guides - [Feeding Dairy Goats By Production Stage](/knowledge/animal-farming/goats/feeding-dairy-goats-by-production-stage) - [Goat Breed Selection For Dairy Meat Fiber And Brush Control](/knowledge/animal-farming/goats/goat-breed-selection-for-dairy-meat-fiber-and-brush-control) - [Meat Goat Pasture And Browse Management](/knowledge/animal-farming/goats/meat-goat-pasture-and-browse-management) - [Goat Farming Dairy And Meat Production Browse Kidding Parasite Risk And Welfare](/knowledge/animal-farming/goats/goat-farming-dairy-and-meat-production-browse-kidding-parasite-risk-and-welfare) - [Raising Meat Goats From Weaning To Market](/knowledge/animal-farming/goats/raising-meat-goats-from-weaning-to-market) ## Related Clinical & Scientific Guides * [Goat Breeding Season Planning: Timing, Nutrition, and Health Checks](/knowledge/animal-farming/goats/goat-breeding-season-planning) * [Alfalfa Hay for Goats: Feeding Decisions and Mineral Context](/knowledge/animal-farming/goats/alfalfa-hay-for-goats-feeding-decisions-and-mineral-context) * [Goat Fiber Production: Cashmere and Mohair Management](/knowledge/animal-farming/goats/goat-fiber-production-cashmere-mohair-management) ## References and Further Reading - [www.ars.usda.gov](https://www.ars.usda.gov/) - [www.nrcs.usda.gov](https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/) - [www.merckvetmanual.com](https://www.merckvetmanual.com/management-and-nutrition) - [FAO Animal Production and Health](https://www.fao.org/animal-production/en). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. - [Animal Health and Welfare](https://www.nal.usda.gov/animal-health-and-welfare). USDA National Agricultural Library. - [Invited review: Current production trends, farm structures, and economics of the dairy sheep and goat sectors.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29859690). Journal of dairy science, 2018. - [Vaccination schedules in small ruminant farms.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26220514). Veterinary microbiology, 2015. - [Impact of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis on profit efficiency in semi-extensive dairy sheep and goat farms of Apulia, southern Italy.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28010908). Preventive [veterinary medicine](/blog/careers/veterinary-medicine-careers-from-clinical-practice-to-public-health), 2017. - [Effect of environmental temperature and humidity on milk production and milk composition of Guanzhong dairy goats.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32734122). Veterinary and animal science, 2020. - [Development of Epigenetic Clocks for Key Ruminant Species.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35052436). Genes, 2021. - [Potential Candidate Genes Associated with Litter Size in Goats: A Review.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39795025). Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. - [Profit inefficiency of goat farming in Malawi: A Bayesian approach](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11318). Heliyon, 2022. - [How important is farm profitability to meat goat farmers?](https://doi.org/10.15232/pas.2017-01627). Professional Animal Scientist, 2017. - [Tangible and intangible benefits of local goats rearing in smallholder farms in Malawi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106095). Small Ruminant Research, 2020. - [Financial analysis and TOPSIS implementation for selecting the most profitable investment proposal in goat farming](https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITISEE.2017.8285558). Proceedings 2017 2nd International Conferences on Information Technology Information Systems and Electrical Engineering Icitisee 2017, 2017. > This article is educational and is not a substitute for veterinary diagnosis, treatment, public-health guidance, or regulatory reporting.