# Working Equid Record Keeping: Health, Breeding, and Work Logs ## Key Takeaways - **Comprehensive Health Monitoring is Crucial:** Detailed health records, including vaccination dates (e.g., tetanus, rabies, equine influenza), deworming schedules (informed by fecal egg counts to combat anthelmintic resistance), dental exam findings, and injury/illness descriptions, are vital for early disease detection, treatment efficacy, and adherence to withdrawal periods for medications, as mandated by regulatory bodies like the FDA. - **Systematic Breeding Records Enhance Efficiency and Genetics:** Tracking estrus cycles, breeding dates, sire identification, pregnancy checks (via ultrasound or palpation), and foaling outcomes is essential for optimizing reproductive efficiency and maintaining genetic integrity, aligning with FAO's DAD-IS objectives for breed conservation and sustainable use. - **Proactive Farrier Management Prevents Lameness:** Regular recording of farrier visits (every 4-8 weeks) detailing hoof condition (e.g., cracks, thrush, white line disease), shoe type, and corrective work is fundamental to preventing lameness, hoof pathologies, and joint strain, as emphasized by veterinary manuals like Merck's. - **Workload Management Mitigates Overexertion and Injury:** Daily or weekly logging of work type, duration, load weight (ideally not exceeding 20-25% of body weight for draft animals), distance, terrain, and weather conditions allows for matching workload to individual equid capacity, thereby preventing fatigue, weight loss, and musculoskeletal injuries. - **Digital and Paper Systems Offer Scalable Solutions:** While spreadsheet software and dedicated farm management platforms facilitate data analysis, reminders, and sharing, robust paper-based systems remain viable for resource-limited settings, with consistent data entry and regular backups being paramount for data integrity and accessibility. - **Integrated Welfare and Safety Protocols are Paramount:** Monitoring welfare indicators such as Body Condition Score (BCS on a 1-9 scale), hoof health, coat condition, and behavior, alongside maintaining worker safety logs and ensuring appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), directly supports WOAH animal welfare standards and reduces occupational hazards. --- Working equids (horses, donkeys, and mules) require systematic record keeping to track health events, breeding cycles, farrier care, and work output. Without written records, you rely on memory for vaccination dates, deworming schedules, breeding windows, and lameness history. This article provides record templates for health, breeding, and work logs, explains what to record and why, and describes digital tools that can simplify the process. The guidance applies to small-scale and commercial operations where equids are used for draft, pack, riding, or breeding purposes. ## At a Glance | Record Type | What to Record | Minimum Frequency | Primary Purpose | |-------------|----------------|-------------------|-----------------| | Health | Vaccinations, deworming, dental exams, injuries, illnesses, veterinary visits | At each event or observation | Track preventive care, detect disease patterns, support treatment decisions | | Breeding | Estrus cycles, breeding dates, sire ID, pregnancy checks, foaling dates, weaning | At each breeding event and pregnancy check | Manage breeding efficiency, predict foaling dates, maintain genetic records | | Farrier | Trimming dates, shoeing dates, hoof condition notes, corrective work | Every 4-8 weeks | Prevent lameness, monitor hoof health, schedule routine care | | Work | Hours worked, load type and weight, distance, terrain, rest periods | Daily or weekly | Prevent overwork, match workload to condition, document productivity | ## Why Record Keeping Matters for Working Equids Record keeping supports animal health and welfare by providing a written history that you can review before making management decisions. The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) emphasizes that animal welfare includes freedom from hunger, discomfort, pain, injury, disease, and fear, and the ability to express normal behavior. Systematic records help you detect early signs of disease, track recovery from injury, and avoid preventable suffering. The WOAH animal welfare standards are available at [www.woah.org](https://www.woah.org/en/what-we-do/animal-health-and-welfare/animal-welfare). The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) maintains the Domestic Animal Diversity Information System (DAD-IS), which supports breed-level record keeping for genetic conservation and sustainable use. For working equids, breed records help you select breeding stock, avoid inbreeding, and preserve local adapted breeds. The FAO DAD-IS platform is accessible at [www.fao.org](https://www.fao.org/dad-is). The Merck Veterinary Manual provides management and nutrition guidance for equids, including recommendations for preventive health care schedules. Records allow you to follow these schedules consistently. The manual is available at [www.merckvetmanual.com](https://www.merckvetmanual.com/management-and-nutrition). The USDA National Agricultural Library offers resources on animal health and welfare, including record-keeping templates and best practices. Their Animal Health and Welfare section is at [www.nal.usda.gov](https://www.nal.usda.gov/animal-health-and-welfare). The USDA Agricultural Research Service conducts research on animal production and protection, including work on equine health and management. Their Animal Production and Protection program is described at [www.ars.usda.gov](https://www.ars.usda.gov/animal-production-and-protection). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration provides resources on animal veterinary matters, including drug approval and withdrawal periods. Records of medication administration are essential for complying with withdrawal times before slaughter or milk consumption. The FDA Animal and Veterinary Resources are at [www.fda.gov](https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary). ## Health Records ### What to Record in a Health Log A health log should capture every veterinary visit, vaccination, deworming treatment, dental procedure, injury, illness, and unusual observation. For each entry, record the date, the animal's identification (name, ear tag, microchip number, or brand), the specific treatment or observation, the dosage and route for medications, the person who administered the treatment, and the outcome or follow-up plan. Vaccination records should include the vaccine type, manufacturer, lot number, expiration date, and site of injection. This information is critical if an adverse reaction occurs or if a vaccine recall is issued. Deworming records should include the product name, active ingredient, dose, and fecal egg count results if available. Rotating dewormer classes based on fecal egg counts reduces the risk of anthelmintic resistance. Dental records should note the date of examination, findings (sharp points, hooks, wave mouth, missing teeth), and any floating or extractions performed. Dental problems can cause weight loss, quidding (dropping feed), and bit aversion in working equids. Injury and illness records should describe the affected body part, the suspected cause, the treatment given, and the recovery timeline. Lameness events should include the grade (0-5 scale), the limb affected, and the diagnostic tests performed. ### Health Record Template Create a table with the following columns: - Date - Animal ID - Event type (vaccination, deworming, dental, injury, illness, exam) - Details (product name, dose, route, findings) - Veterinarian or technician name - Follow-up date or notes Keep this log in a waterproof binder or digital spreadsheet. Update it within 24 hours of each event. ### Common Health Record Failures Failure to record withdrawal periods after medication can lead to drug residues in meat or milk. The FDA sets withdrawal times for approved animal drugs. Without records, you cannot prove compliance. Always record the date of the last dose and the calculated withdrawal end date. Missing vaccination records can result in missed boosters, leaving animals unprotected against tetanus, rabies, or equine influenza. Set a recurring reminder for annual or semi-annual vaccines. Incomplete injury records make it difficult to identify patterns. For example, repeated lameness in the same limb may indicate a chronic condition that requires veterinary investigation. ### When to Escalate Health Concerns If an animal shows signs of colic (rolling, pawing, looking at flank), acute lameness (non-weight bearing), fever above 101.5°F, or respiratory distress, contact a veterinarian immediately. Record the time of onset, vital signs if measured, and any treatments given before the veterinarian arrives. If a wound does not heal within 7 days of treatment, or if swelling, discharge, or odor develops, seek veterinary advice. Record the wound dimensions and appearance at each dressing change. ## Breeding Records ### What to Record in a Breeding Log Breeding records are essential for managing reproduction in mares, jennies (female donkeys), and female mules (though mules are usually sterile). For each breeding female, record the following: - Estrus cycle dates (heat periods) - Breeding dates and method (natural cover or artificial insemination) - Sire identification (name, breed, registration number) - Pregnancy check results (ultrasound or palpation, date, and findings) - Expected foaling date (calculated as 340 days from last breeding for horses, 365 days for donkeys) - Foaling date and details (sex, weight, color, any complications) - Weaning date and method For stallions, jacks (male donkeys), and male mules, record breeding soundness exam results, semen evaluation data, and breeding limits (number of covers per day or week). The FAO Animal Production and Health division provides resources on breeding management and genetic improvement. Their work is described at [www.fao.org](https://www.fao.org/animal-production/en). A study published in Equine Veterinary Journal in 2024 examined reproductive performance in a cohort of Standardbred mares under a commercial breeding system. The study highlights the importance of tracking breeding dates, pregnancy checks, and foaling outcomes to improve reproductive efficiency. The bibliographic record is available at [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37559421](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37559421). ### Breeding Record Template Create a table with the following columns: - Female ID - Date of estrus onset - Breeding date - Sire ID - Breeding method (natural, AI) - Pregnancy check date and result - Expected foaling date - Actual foaling date - Foal ID and sex - Weaning date Maintain a separate table for each breeding season. Include a column for notes on any complications, such as dystocia (difficult birth), retained placenta, or foal illness. ### Common Breeding Record Failures Missing estrus records make it impossible to predict the next heat cycle. Mares cycle every 21 days on average, but individual variation is common. Without records, you may miss the optimal breeding window. Failure to record the sire can lead to confusion about parentage, especially if multiple stallions are used. This complicates breed registration and genetic management. Incomplete pregnancy check records can result in mares being assumed pregnant when they are not, leading to lost breeding opportunities. Record the date and method of each pregnancy check. ### When to Escalate Breeding Concerns If a mare or jenny has not shown estrus within 30 days of foaling, or if she has been bred three times without conceiving, consult a veterinarian for a breeding soundness examination. Record all breeding dates and estrus observations to provide a complete history. If a foal is not nursing within 2 hours of birth, or if the mare shows signs of colic or retained placenta beyond 3 hours post-foaling, seek emergency veterinary care. Record the time of birth, the foal's first nursing, and any medications given. ## Farrier Records ### What to Record in a Farrier Log Farrier care is critical for working equids that carry loads, pull carts, or travel on hard surfaces. Regular trimming and shoeing prevent lameness, hoof cracks, and joint strain. Record the following for each farrier visit: - Date of visit - Animal ID - Type of service (trim only, shoeing, reset, corrective work) - Hoof condition notes (cracks, thrush, white line disease, flare, imbalance) - Shoe type and size (if applied) - Any corrective measures (wedges, pads, bar shoes) - Farrier name and contact information - Next scheduled visit The Merck Veterinary Manual includes guidance on hoof care and lameness prevention. Regular farrier records help you identify hoof problems early and schedule preventive care. The manual is at [www.merckvetmanual.com](https://www.merckvetmanual.com/management-and-nutrition). ### Farrier Record Template Create a table with the following columns: - Date - Animal ID - Service type - Hoof condition (RF, LF, RH, LH) - Shoe type - Corrective work - Farrier name - Next visit date Include a diagram of the hooves in your log where you can mark problem areas. This is especially useful for tracking chronic conditions like laminitis or navicular syndrome. ### Common Farrier Record Failures Skipping farrier visits because of cost or time leads to overgrown hooves, which cause lameness and joint damage. Record the recommended interval (usually 4-8 weeks) and set reminders. Failure to note hoof condition changes between visits can delay treatment for thrush or white line disease. Inspect hooves weekly and record any changes in the log. ### When to Escalate Farrier Concerns If an animal develops a sudden lameness after shoeing, or if a shoe is lost with damage to the hoof wall, contact the farrier immediately. Record the date and circumstances. If you observe signs of laminitis (heat in the hooves, increased digital pulse, reluctance to move), contact a veterinarian. Record the onset date and any dietary changes that may have triggered the episode. ## Work Logs ### What to Record in a Work Log Work logs track the type, duration, and intensity of work performed by each equid. This information helps you match workload to the animal's condition, prevent overwork, and document productivity. Record the following for each work session: - Date - Animal ID - Type of work (draft, pack, riding, driving) - Duration (hours) - Load weight (if applicable) - Distance traveled (if applicable) - Terrain type (flat, hilly, rocky, paved) - Weather conditions (temperature, humidity, precipitation) - Rest periods taken - Animal behavior and condition after work (attitude, sweating, lameness, appetite) A study published in the Journal of Equine [Veterinary Science](/blog/news/veterinary-science) in 2022 tracked the impact of weather on equine activity while pastured. The study demonstrates that environmental conditions affect equine behavior and activity levels. For working equids, weather records help you adjust work schedules to prevent heat stress or cold injury. The bibliographic record is available at [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35752430](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35752430). ### Work Log Template Create a table with the following columns: - Date - Animal ID - Work type - Duration (hours) - Load (kg or lbs) - Distance (km or miles) - Terrain - Weather - Rest periods - Post-work condition Use a separate row for each work session. At the end of each week, calculate total hours worked and compare to the animal's condition score. ### Common Work Log Failures Overworking an equid without adequate rest leads to fatigue, weight loss, and increased injury risk. Without a work log, you may not realize that an animal is being worked too many hours per week. Failure to record load weight can result in chronic back or joint strain. For draft animals, the load should not exceed 20-25% of body weight for continuous work. Record the actual weight, not an estimate. Ignoring weather conditions can lead to heat stroke or hypothermia. On hot days (above 90°F), reduce work hours and provide shade and water. On cold days (below 32°F), provide shelter and adjust work intensity. ### When to Escalate Work Concerns If an animal shows persistent lameness, weight loss, or behavioral changes (reluctance to work, aggression, depression), stop work and consult a veterinarian. Record the onset date and any changes in workload that may have contributed. If an animal collapses or shows signs of heat stroke (excessive panting, staggering, high rectal temperature), provide emergency cooling and call a veterinarian. Record the time of onset and the environmental conditions. ## Digital Tools for Record Keeping ### Spreadsheet Software Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets, or LibreOffice Calc can be used to create digital record templates. Advantages include easy sorting, filtering, and calculation of totals. You can create separate sheets for health, breeding, farrier, and work logs within a single file. Share the file with your veterinarian or farrier for collaborative record keeping. Limitations: Spreadsheets require manual data entry and are prone to errors if cells are overwritten. They do not provide automatic reminders or alerts. ### Farm Management Software Several commercial and open-source farm management platforms include modules for equine records. These systems often provide: - Animal profiles with identification photos - Vaccination and deworming schedules with reminders - Breeding calendars with expected foaling dates - Work log entry with customizable fields - Report generation for productivity analysis A study published in the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Computing described the development of an RFID-based record management web portal for goats towards [precision livestock farming](/knowledge/animal-farming/farm-management/precision-livestock-farming-technologies-benefits-and-implementation-challenges). Similar systems could be adapted for equids, using RFID ear tags or microchips for automatic animal identification. The bibliographic record is available at [doi.org/10.1109/ICOCO62848.2024.10928232](https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOCO62848.2024.10928232). Another study from the 2015 International Conference on Wireless Networks examined an NFC-based livestock management system for traceability. Near-field communication (NFC) tags can store animal ID and health records, accessible with a smartphone. The bibliographic record is available at [api.elsevier.com](https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105007286116). A mobile platform for livestock monitoring and inspection was presented at the 3rd International Informatics and Software Engineering Conference in 2022. Mobile apps allow you to enter records in the field, attach photos of injuries or hoof conditions, and sync data to a central database. The bibliographic record is available at [doi.org/10.1109/IISEC56263.2022.9998297](https://doi.org/10.1109/IISEC56263.2022.9998297). ### Paper-Based Systems For farms without reliable internet or electricity, paper-based record keeping is practical. Use a three-ring binder with dividers for each animal and each record type. Pre-printed forms reduce the time needed for data entry. Store the binder in a waterproof container in the barn or office. Limitations: Paper records are difficult to search, cannot generate automatic reminders, and may be lost or damaged. Back up paper records by taking photos with a smartphone and storing them in a cloud service. ### Choosing a System Consider the following factors when selecting a record-keeping system: - Number of animals: For fewer than 10 equids, a paper system or simple spreadsheet may suffice. For larger herds, farm management software is more efficient. - Technical comfort: If you are comfortable with computers, digital tools offer more features. If not, paper forms are reliable. - Internet access: Cloud-based systems require internet for syncing. Offline-capable apps or paper systems are better for remote areas. - Cost: Spreadsheets are free. Farm management software may have subscription fees. Paper forms cost only printing and binders. ## Records and Measurements ### [Body Condition Scoring](/knowledge/animal-farming/farm-management/body-condition-scoring-a-tool-for-feed-management) Record body condition score (BCS) monthly for each working equid. Use the Henneke scale (1-9) for horses and a similar scale for donkeys. BCS helps you adjust feed and workload. A score of 5-6 is ideal for most working equids. Record the score in the health log. ### Weight Estimation Record estimated body weight using a weight tape or weighbridge. Weight is needed for calculating dewormer doses, feed rations, and load limits. Record weight quarterly or after significant condition changes. ### Vital Signs Record baseline vital signs (temperature, pulse, respiration) for each animal when healthy. This allows you to detect abnormalities during illness. Record vital signs in the health log during veterinary exams. ### Fecal Egg Counts If you use fecal egg counts to guide deworming, record the results and the dewormer used. This helps you monitor resistance and adjust your deworming protocol. ## Quality and Welfare Controls ### Preventive Health Schedule Create a preventive health schedule based on your veterinarian's recommendations and local disease risks. Include: - Vaccinations (tetanus, rabies, equine influenza, West Nile virus, etc.) - Deworming (based on fecal egg counts or rotational schedule) - Dental exams (annually or biannually) - Farrier visits (every 4-8 weeks) - Coggins test (annually for equine infectious anemia) - Health certificate (for travel or sale) Record each event in the health log and set reminders for the next due date. ### Welfare Indicators Monitor the following welfare indicators and record any concerns: - Body condition score (avoid underweight or obese) - Hoof condition (no cracks, thrush, or overgrowth) - Coat condition (dull coat may indicate illness or poor nutrition) - Eye and nasal discharge (may indicate respiratory infection) - Lameness (any gait abnormality) - Behavior (lethargy, aggression, stereotypic behaviors) The WOAH animal welfare standards emphasize the importance of regular health checks and prompt treatment of illness or injury. Systematic records support these standards. ### Worker Safety Working with equids carries risks of injury from kicks, bites, and crushing. Record any worker injuries in a separate safety log. The study "Keeping workers safe: does provision of personal protective equipment match supervisor risk perceptions?" published in the American Journal of Industrial Medicine in 2015 highlights the gap between perceived and actual safety needs. Ensure that all workers have appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) including sturdy boots, gloves, and helmets when handling equids. The bibliographic record is available at [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25931154](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25931154). ## Common Failure Patterns ### Inconsistent Record Keeping The most common failure is starting a record system but not maintaining it. Records are only useful if they are complete and up to date. Set aside 15 minutes each day to update logs. If you miss a week, catch up immediately. ### Missing Animal Identification Records are useless if you cannot identify which animal they refer to. Use unique identifiers such as ear tags, microchips, brands, or photographs. Record the identifier in every log entry. ### Overlooking Subtle Signs Minor changes in appetite, behavior, or gait may be early signs of disease. Record any deviation from normal, even if it seems insignificant. A pattern of small changes may indicate a developing problem. ### Ignoring Withdrawal Periods Failure to track medication withdrawal periods can result in drug residues in meat or milk. Record the date of the last dose and the withdrawal end date. Do not send animals to slaughter or use milk for human consumption until the withdrawal period has passed. ### Not Sharing Records Records are most useful when shared with your veterinarian, farrier, and other workers. Keep a copy of the health log in the barn where everyone can access it. Discuss records during routine visits. ## Limitations and Professional Escalation ### Limitations of Record Keeping Records cannot replace veterinary expertise. They are a tool for decision making, not a substitute for professional diagnosis. If an animal is sick or injured, consult a veterinarian even if your records are complete. Records are only as accurate as the data entered. Train all workers on proper record-keeping procedures. Double-check entries for errors. Digital records can be lost due to hardware failure, software bugs, or cyberattacks. Back up digital records regularly to an external drive or cloud service. ### When to Escalate to a Professional Contact a veterinarian if: - An animal shows signs of colic, acute lameness, fever, or respiratory distress - A wound does not heal within 7 days of treatment - A female has not conceived after three breeding cycles - A foal is not nursing within 2 hours of birth - An animal collapses or shows signs of heat stroke Contact a farrier if: - A shoe is lost with damage to the hoof wall - An animal develops sudden lameness after shoeing - Hoof cracks or thrush do not improve with routine care Contact an extension agent or animal scientist if: - You need help designing a record-keeping system - You want to analyze productivity data - You are considering a new breeding program ## Frequently Asked Questions ### What is the minimum record I should keep for each working equid? At minimum, keep a health log with vaccination dates, deworming treatments, and any injuries or illnesses. Also record the animal's identification (ear tag, microchip, or brand) and a baseline body condition score. This information is essential for preventive care and emergency treatment. ### How often should I update work logs? Update work logs daily or after each work session. Record the type of work, duration, load weight, and weather conditions. Weekly totals help you match workload to the animal's condition and prevent overwork. ### Can I use a smartphone app for record keeping? Yes. Several mobile apps are designed for livestock record keeping. Look for apps that allow offline data entry, photo attachment, and cloud backup. Test the app with a few animals before committing to a full system. ### What should I do if I lose my paper records? If paper records are lost, recreate them as soon as possible. Contact your veterinarian for copies of vaccination and treatment records. Contact your farrier for hoof care history. Use your memory and any digital photos to reconstruct work logs. Then implement a backup system, such as taking photos of paper records with your smartphone. ### How do I record breeding records for donkeys? [Donkey breeding](/knowledge/animal-farming/alternative-livestock/donkey-breeding-reproduction-management) records follow the same format as horse records, but note that gestation length is longer (approximately 365 days versus 340 days for horses). Record estrus cycles, breeding dates, sire ID, pregnancy check results, and foaling details. Jennies (female donkeys) may have less predictable estrus cycles than mares, so careful observation and recording are important. ### What is the best way to identify individual animals for record keeping? Use a permanent identification method such as a microchip, ear tag, or brand. Record the identifier in every log entry. For visual identification, take a photograph of each animal from both sides and store it with the records. Avoid relying on names alone, as multiple animals may have similar names. ### How do I track withdrawal periods for medications? Record the date of the last dose, the drug name, the dose, and the route of administration. Calculate the withdrawal end date based on the label or your veterinarian's instructions. Mark this date on a calendar and do not send the animal to slaughter or use its milk until the withdrawal period has passed. ### Should I keep separate records for mules? Yes. Mules are hybrids (horse x donkey) and have different health and management needs than horses or donkeys. Record the same information as for horses and donkeys, but note the parentage (sire and dam) and any mule-specific health issues such as higher risk of certain metabolic disorders. ## Related Farming Guides - [Farm Breeding Record System Design](/knowledge/animal-farming/farm-management/farm-breeding-record-system-design) - [Livestock Farm Record Keeping System](/knowledge/animal-farming/farm-management/livestock-farm-record-keeping-system) - [Farm Health Intelligence Observation Records Biosecurity Diagnostics And Veterinary Escalation](/knowledge/animal-farming/farm-management/farm-health-intelligence-observation-records-biosecurity-diagnostics-and-veterinary-escalation) - [Farm Data Governance And Record Security](/knowledge/animal-farming/farm-management/farm-data-governance-and-record-security) - [Ewe Nutrition From Breeding Through Lactation](/knowledge/animal-farming/sheep/ewe-nutrition-from-breeding-through-lactation) ## Related Clinical & Scientific Guides * [Water Buffalo Genetic Improvement and Breeding Programs](/knowledge/animal-farming/alternative-livestock/water-buffalo-genetic-improvement-breeding-programs) * [Camel Farm Biosecurity: Disease Prevention and Quarantine Protocols](/knowledge/animal-farming/alternative-livestock/camel-farm-biosecurity-disease-prevention-quarantine-protocols) * [Water Buffalo Farm Equipment and Infrastructure](/knowledge/animal-farming/alternative-livestock/water-buffalo-farm-equipment-infrastructure) ## References and Further Reading - [www.woah.org](https://www.woah.org/en/what-we-do/animal-health-and-welfare/animal-welfare) - [www.fao.org](https://www.fao.org/dad-is) - [www.merckvetmanual.com](https://www.merckvetmanual.com/management-and-nutrition) - [FAO Animal Production and Health](https://www.fao.org/animal-production/en). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. - [Animal Health and Welfare](https://www.nal.usda.gov/animal-health-and-welfare). USDA National Agricultural Library. - [Animal Production and Protection](https://www.ars.usda.gov/animal-production-and-protection). USDA Agricultural Research Service. - [Animal and Veterinary Resources](https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. - [Exploring dry storage as an alternative biobanking strategy inspired by Nature.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30508788). Theriogenology, 2019. - [[Population structure of South American camelids in Germany].](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36067758). Tierarztliche Praxis. Ausgabe G, Grosstiere/Nutztiere, 2022. - [Prevalence of Chronic Progressive Lymphedema in the Rhenish German Draught Horse.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36978540). Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2023. - [Keeping workers safe: does provision of personal protective equipment match supervisor risk perceptions?](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25931154). American journal of industrial medicine, 2015. - [Tracking the Impact of Weather on Equine Activity While Pastured.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35752430). Journal of equine [veterinary science](/blog/news/veterinary-science), 2022. - [Reproductive performance of a cohort of Standardbred mares under a commercial breeding system.](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37559421). Equine veterinary journal, 2024. - [Development of an RFID-Based Record Management Web Portal for Goats Towards Precision Livestock Farming](https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOCO62848.2024.10928232). 2024 IEEE International Conference on Computing Icoco 2024, 2024. - [A Study on the NFC based Livestock Management System for Traceability](https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105007286116). Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Wireless Networks ICWN 2015, 2015. - [Mobile Platform for Livestock Monitoring and Inspection](https://doi.org/10.1109/IISEC56263.2022.9998297). 3rd International Informatics and Software Engineering Conference Iisec 2022, 2022. - [A web-based collaborative system for remote monitoring and analysis of livestock farm odours](https://doi.org/10.3808/jei.200900142). Journal of Environmental Informatics, 2009. - [Design of i-beacon based distribution route management system to prevent the spread of livestock disease](https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98367-7_5). Studies in Computational Intelligence, 2019. > This article is educational and is not a substitute for veterinary diagnosis, treatment, public-health guidance, or regulatory reporting.